Elite Japanese soldiers refused to hand over their weapons. Meanwhile, Dr. Kariadi's death triggered young fighters to take revenge. The Five-Day Battle of Semarang eventually broke out.

A young Korean man and four former Japanese soldiers joined the force of Indonesian freedom fighters. They were arrested for spying for PPP troops in Garut, and later were executed by Dutch soldiers.

Frans Kaisiepo went into politics because of his teacher from Java. Kaisiepo, the man from Irian, played a role in the integration of Papua into Indonesia. For his services, he was honored as a National Hero.

The emergence of Pao An Tui cannot be separated from the situation during the colonial era and the independence revolution. This militia was formed as the Chinese people's response to uncertain security conditions.

Three Australian officers were murdered on the Bogor-Sukabumi border. The perpetrators, two Japanese soldiers wanted by the Allies, ultimately committed suicide in prison.

Stamps are the identity of an independent country. Through stamps, the journey of Indonesia from the very beginning can be traced.

Indonesia attempted to save its citizens from the death penalty in Malaysia. However, Indonesia still practices the same penalty until now.

More than a century ago, a Dutch shipping company took control of the shipping and trade networks in Nusantara. The company, Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij or KPM, played a role in establishing the colonial state.

In Java, tigers were not only pitted against buffaloes. They were also pitted to death against armed people during Eid al-Fitr and Islamic New Year celebrations.

Forests have been exposed to destruction for a very long time. Efforts to regulate and maintain forests from the VOC era to the present, have failed to curb the rate of deforestation.